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不定式作状语是高考语法重点,暑假班英语特级教师张老师给出详细解析。$ V. a t2 U% t3 J* u
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He sat down to have a rest. (表目的)
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They went there to visit their teacher.
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5 B' T4 n$ r, Z5 S! q1 {! W* ] 他们去那里拜访老师。(表目的)
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He woke up only / just to find everybody gone.
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他醒来发现大家都走了。(表示结果)
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My grandmother lived to see the liberation of China., h) y' f: S3 r [4 F- x" o* i
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我祖母活到亲眼见到中国解放。(表示结果)
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2 \; Z5 O2 \8 c" e( d4 E 在某些形容词作表语,表示喜、怒、衷、乐后跟不定式表示原因。如:" J* L: W- W, _" [7 ^8 ^9 ~! q
0 K! N, ~& j( n4 W I am very glad to see you. 我非常高兴地见到你。! U! ]: r; k' h+ t( _) c
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I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. 听到你母亲生病真遗憾。
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- b) h& V ^! t6 ?' q 在带有enough 或too的句子里,也常用不定式作状语,表示程度。如:
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He was too excited not to say a few words.
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他太激动了,不会不讲几句话的。5 e0 ~8 o& R6 A( m t# j9 G( R
6 F: m9 r; O0 a- D2 ^* P He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学年龄了。- i4 Q! L& a+ S& ]
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She is too tired to do the job. 她太累而不能做那件工作了。$ o, u2 a# j: F. h
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注意:强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,动词不定式可用in order to (为了) 或so as to (以便) + 动词原形。so as to 不用于句首。
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He got up early in order to catch the first bus.
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1 ~/ d' k, s7 y! l, N. \ k 他早起为了赶上第一班车。7 }& { {$ M' T9 |& a
9 Q( Q* b0 B* i2 L1 J6 p The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.7 }3 I% ~% _6 l+ m& }5 [( J; r1 `
0 p3 T, A' g; L1 z0 A4 c: N6 g 汽车停下来以便接纳乘客。' M, u0 q3 R# E! `$ g6 @8 x
/ Q" H3 [4 [1 f: e# R/ b2 M To look at him, you would like him. (表条件)
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To tell you the truth, I have got no money about me.% W: k1 z. i) p% t+ ^+ r h
/ m$ ^# c6 } w2 Q6 y) T To be honest, I know nothing about it. (修饰全句,独立成分) _; r# D, L, Z/ l! \$ x
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